The Marrakech conference on environment and health is co-organized with the association Forum Galien Afrique appears as a prelude to the Forum Galien de Dakar which is led by the same teams. It is clear that the interactions between environment and health in Africa are complex and present both significant challenges and considerable opportunities. The Marrakech conference will allow us to further explain the challenges related to climate change and its health impacts, the issue of limited access to water resources and energy, deforestation and biodiversity loss, air pollution, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, and environmental and health related to conflicts and population displacement. However, alongside these countless challenges and issues, there are opportunities that are often not or insufficiently exploited. These challenges offer opportunities to strengthen Local Capacities, better exploit Technologies and Innovations, better ensure the integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), ensure good Conservation and Sustainable Use of Resources, forge Partnerships and solid Win-Win International Cooperation, put in place more appropriate Policies and Regulations.